Science

Accidental discoveries, unexpected inventions, and chance breakthroughs that changed the world.

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Safety matches were invented through a toxic accident.

In 1844, Gustaf Erik Pasch accidentally mixed potassium chlorate with antimony sulfide, creating a safer match composition. This...

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Artificial snow was created in a cloud experiment.

Vincent Schaefer discovered artificial snow production when he used dry ice to cool his experimental cloud chamber. This...

Read more: Artificial snow was created in a cloud experiment.

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The pacemaker circuit was created through a component mix-up.

Wilson Greatbatch accidentally used the wrong resistor while building a heart rhythm recorder. This created the first practical...

Read more: The pacemaker circuit was created through a component mix-up.

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Modern chemotherapy began with observations of WWI mustard gas victims.

Doctors noticed that soldiers exposed to mustard gas had reduced white blood cell counts. This observation led to...

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The modern smoke detector was invented while testing a sensitive camera lens.

In 1941, Swiss physicist Walter Jaeger was trying to create a sensor for poison gas. When his cigarette...

Read more: The modern smoke detector was invented while testing a sensitive camera lens.

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Band-Aids were invented by a husband trying to help his accident-prone wife.

In 1920, Johnson & Johnson employee Earle Dickson created small bandages his wife could easily apply to her...

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Chocolate chip cookies were invented when Ruth Wakefield ran out of baker’s chocolate.

In 1930, Wakefield was making chocolate cookies but ran out of baker's chocolate. She substituted broken pieces of...

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Contact lenses were conceived after a child got wood splinters in his eye.

In 1887, F.E. Muller created the first glass contact lens after treating a child with wood splinters embedded...

Read more: Contact lenses were conceived after a child got wood splinters in his eye.

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LSD’s psychedelic effects were discovered when Albert Hofmann accidentally absorbed some through his skin.

In 1943, Hofmann experienced the world's first acid trip after accidentally touching a synthesized compound. This led to...

Read more: LSD’s psychedelic effects were discovered when Albert Hofmann accidentally absorbed some through his skin.